Improvement in fireplaces



PATENTED MAR. 3, 1868,

0. B. GREGORY.

FIREPLACE.

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LcttcrsPatcnt No. 75,155, dated March 3,1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN FIREPLAGES.

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Be it knownthat I, O. B. GREGORY, of Beverly, Burlington county, New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Fireplaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same. s

The main feature of my intention consists of a fireplace composed of a perforated casing surrounded by a mass of grhrcl', or other equivalent granular material,- substantially as described hereafter, so that the heat generated in the fireplace may be more intense and uniform than in ordinaryfircplaces, to which the air for supporting combustion is admitted from below through a grate or through perforated casings. i In order to enable others skilled in-theart to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing, which forms apart of this specification, and in whichc Figures land Z'are vertical sections, illustrating the application of my invcntion to a stove, and Figure 3e. sectional plan. Similar'letters refer to similar parts-throughout the several views. 'A, is the exterior casing of the stove,.which is enlarged at the'base, a, has a suitable opening; 6, for the introduction of the fuel and a door adapted to thislopen'ing, and has an exit-pipe, d, for the cscapeof the products, of combustion to the chimney. The inner casing or fire-pot B oi thestovemaybc made of cast iron or fire-clay, and consists of a hollow cylinder with a flange,-f, on the top, which als fits snugly against the interior'o'f. the outer casing. To-thebottom plate h of the stove is secured a short hollow cylinder, 2', which fits, at its upper. edge against theflangej of the inner cylinder 13, thelatter having, in the present instance, a number of narrower flanges, m, for a purpose described hereafter In the bottom plate]; of the stove-are any desired number of openings, q, and beneath 'the plate is a. slidingdamper, it, having corresponding holes, so that by operating the said damper, the holes in the bottom plate may be exposed enclosed, at pleasure-t Beneath the bottom plate It is a sliding ash-bog, D, which should be so fitted as to be air-tight, or nearly so. .'Iwo inclined. plates t t are arranged near the bottom of the inncrcylinder B, as scan in fig l, for directing the ignited fuel to the middle of'the fireplace, and directing the ashosto the openings q. The space w between the outer cyl-' inder, A and the'inner cylinder B is filled with gravel, granulated bricks, iron-turning, or planings,-'or other equivalent granular substance, which cannot be easily afi'ected .by tho hcat', andin the mass of r'vhiehare numerous interstices forthe passage of air through the periorations u in the inner cylinder. These perforations consist of simple slits, in the present instance, but. regular or irregular openings of any desired form may be made in the cylinder, providing they are not large enough to permit the particles of granulated rnaterialto escape into-tho fireplace. The inner cylinder is thus perforatedthroughout its entire height, and the, space 11 between the short cylinder-.2 and the inner cylinder 13 is filled with granulated material in the some manner'asthespace above alluded to Although the narrow flanges m m may be dispensed with, I prefer them, as they prevent the particlcs'of gravel or its equivalent from crowdinginto tooclosc and compacts mass at any one point. In front of the base, a, are tw o openings, a: and x, through the former 'ofhrhich air is admitted to the gravel-charged space 10 between the ohter and inner casings A and B, the lower opening, at, permitting the air to pass to, the spa'cel I )0 between the casing I? and cylinder .2, a damper, 1 beingso arranged that itcan cover hoth openings, or the I upper'opening only, the air, in the latter case, gaining access to thefuel in the lower portion-of the firepldee, while it is excluded from the upper portion. I

In igniting the fuel, in the first instance, the ash-box D is moved outwards, and the damper n so operated as to permit the air to pass to the fuel from below, the damper ybcing in the mean time 'closed. After thefuel has been thoroughly ignited, the damper it and ash-box-D are 'closdd, so that little or. no air can gain access to the fuel from below, the air to supportcombustionbeing admitted through the opening ato ths'lower space 10 charged with the granulated material, and thence to the fuel through the perforations of-thecyliuder B, ptthe air may, by adjusting the damper y, be admitted through both openings a and a as the condition (if the fire may suggest. I

1 am aware that perforated casings have been used in connection with a, perforated tl'ree'pot; es in theaters.

patented by Sidney Smith, July 31, 1866; but, after many 'eareful experim'ents, I have found that by cnusing the air to pass through the circuitous interstices presented by the mass of gfavol beforeit reaches the fuel; a. much more intense and uniform heat is pi'oduced theret' om than when the air is admitted from below through the usual gi ute, or'through perforated casingsonly, i I

' Although I have alluded to my invention as applied to 'en ordinary stove, it will be evident that it is zippli .enble to heaters, furnaces for; stehm-boilers, and, in'fact, to ell'fireplaces in which an in ten so heat is required and although I have described the inner and cute; casings its being cylindrical, they may be of any other form which the particular-application of I nyv invention may suggest-us the most appropriate.

I claim as my invention, und desire to secure by Letters Patent- A fireplace, consisting of a. perfo 'oted casing, surrounded by a. mass of gravel or other equivalent granulated material, through which the air must pass to the fue'l, substantially as and for the purpose hei'ein set forth.- '-.In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this sfiec'ification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

I l O. GREGORY.

Witnesses: v

H. Howsonfl W. .J. R. DELANY. I 

